24.04.2025 - 21.07.2025 (Week 1 - Week 14)
Nur Asma’ Binti Anuar / 0378095 / BDCM
Video & Sound Production
_________________
LECTURES
Week 1:
Shot size:
Extreme long shot - (or extreme wide shot) make your subject appear small against their location. You can use an extreme long shot to make your subject feel distant or unfamiliar.
Long shot - (also known as a wide shot, abbreviated “WS”) is the same idea, but a bit closer. If your subject is a person then his or her whole body will be in view — but not filling the shot.
Medium wide shot - (aka medium long shot) frames the subject from roughly the knees up. It splits the difference between a full shot and a medium shot.
Cowboy shot - frames the subject from roughly mid-thighs up. It’s called a “cowboy shot” because it is used in Westerns to frame a gunslinger’s gun or holster on his hip.
Medium shot - is one of the most common camera shots. It's similar to the cowboy shot above, but frames from roughly the waist up and through the torso. So it emphasizes more of your subject while keeping their surroundings visible.
Medium close up (MCU) - frames your subject from roughly the chest up. So it typically favors the face, but still keeps the subject somewhat distant.
Close up shot - when you want to reveal a subject’s emotions and reactions. The close-up camera shot fills your frame with a part of your subject. If your subject is a person, it is often their face.
Extreme close up shot - is the most you can fill a frame with your subject. It often shows eyes, mouths and gun triggers. In extreme close-up shots, smaller objects get great detail and are the focus point.
Framing:
Single shot - captures one subject. Single shots can be set and framed in any shot size you like, just as long as there is only one character featured within the frame.
Two shot - two people are captured within the frame. Two shots are often really useful for allowing performances to play out in a single take, which can be especially useful for comedy.
Three shot - captures three people within the frame. Three shots are really important in adventure films, or really any film that has a group of characters, because it is an enormous time drain to shoot three singles just to show every character, not to mention jarring.
Over the Shoulder shot - shows your subject from behind the shoulder of another character. Because it emulates perspective, it’s common in conversation scenes. Over-the-shoulder shots can help to provide orientation, and connect the characters on an emotional level
Over-the-hip shot - is similar to over-the-shoulder in that the camera is placed with a character's hip in the foreground, and the focus subject in the plane of acceptable focus.
POV shot - is a camera shot that shows the viewer exactly what that character sees.
 |
| Fig. 1.1 |
Camera Angl Shot:
Pull focus - to make sure that the subject stays within the acceptable focus range while they move to various depths within the frame. (passive)
Rack focus - emphasized focus pull, where the acceptable focus range is intentionally shifted from one subject to another. (aggressive)
Shallow focus shot - your subject is in crisp focus while the foreground and background scenery is out of focus. This limits your depth of field to create emphasis on your subject.
Deep focus shot - everything in your frame is in focus. This is when you need your audience to feel the scenery or particular scene elements.
Tilt shift shot - rotates perspective within the lens and emulates selective focus. It can make parts of your image appear in sharp focus while others are out of focus. The lens can also be adjusted during the shot for a focal variety.
Soft focus - shots keep nothing in 100% sharp focus. This is caused by either a flaw in the lens itself or through special filters.
Split diopter - is an additional lens element that allows for two simultaneous focal lengths. In other words, you can achieve shallow focus in the foreground AND in the background, while the middle ground remains out of focus. This is a highly stylized shot and tends to draw attention to itself because it is "unnatural." The human eye can see in deep or shallow focus but not both at the same time, which is why this type of camera shot should used with caution.
 |
| Fig. 1.2 |
Camera Angle:
Eye level sot - in a neutral perspective (not superior or inferior). This mimics how we see people in real life — our eye line connecting with theirs.
Low angle shot - frames the subject from a low camera height looking up at them. These camera shots most often emphasize power dynamics between characters.
High angle shot - the camera points down at your subject. It usually creates a feeling of inferiority, or “looking down” on your subject.
Hip level shot - is when your camera is roughly waist-high.
Knee level shot - This is when your camera height is about as low as your subject’s knees. They can emphasize a character’s superiority, if paired with a low angle.
Ground level shot - is when your camera’s height is on ground level with your subject. Needless to say, this shot captures what’s going on the ground your subject stands on.
Shoulder level shot - This is when your camera is roughly as high as your subject’s shoulders. Shoulder level shots are actually much more standard than an eye level shot, which can make your actor seem shorter than reality.
Dutch angle shot - (dutch tilt), the camera is slanted to one side. With the horizon lines tilted in this way, you can create a sense of disorientation.
Overhead shot - from way up high, looking down on your subject and a good amount of the scenery surrounding him or her. This can create a great sense of scale and movement.
Aerial shot - this is a shot from way up high. It establishes a large expanse of scenery.
 |
| Fig. 1.3 |
Week 2:
Cinematography: Motion picture, film, video is made up of many shots. Each shots requires placing the camera in the best positions for that particular moment in the narrative. Shot is continuous view shot by one camera without interruption. Sequence is a series of scenes, or shots, complete in itself. Scene defines the place or setting where the action is laid. A scene may consist of series of shots or sequences depicting a continuous event.
Earliest cinema: cinema technique is all about manipulating shots and sequences that isolating part of it to look at and in what order to see them.
Week 3:
The mixing of sound elements below creates an audio setting that supports the action and engages the spectators.
- Speech/ Dialogue
- Sound effects
- Music
Two types of sound effects:
- Hard Sound effects: specific sounds that are added to a film to enhance a particular action or event, such, such as a door creaking, glass breaking, etc.
- Ambient effects: Background noise in a film, such as traffic, wind, or sense of environment and atmosphere.
Week 4:
Week 6:
Color correction: refers to the process where every individual clip of a video footage is altered to match color temperature of multiple shots to a consistent technical standard of appearance. It's about balancing out your colors, making the whites actually appear white, and the blacks black, and that everything in between is nice and even.
RGB: And additive color model in which red, green, blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation, and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers. Before the electronic age, the RGB color model had a solid theory behind it, based in human perception of colors.
Color Grading: Color grading is taking what you have done in color correction one step further, by altering an image for aesthetic and communicative purposes. Once everything looks nice in the video, it is now empowered with the ability to further enhance your story by manipulating colors to create a new visual tone. Color grading is to increase contrast and saturation, and apply new tinge of color.
- Teal and orange: skin tones sit somewhere in the orange spectrum, so pushing teals into the shadows will help skin tones stand out from the rest of the image. For contrast, this grading technique creates color contrast. Teal and orange have the highest contrast between their exposure values of any pair of complementary colors on the color wheel.
Week 8:
Three quality of the sound that is most important are:
- Frequency range, Hertz(Hz): Human hearing frequency ranges from 20Hz to 20,000Hz. 7 subsets of frequencies used to help define the ranges.
- Dynamic range, Decibels(dB): The threshold of human hearing is measured as 0dB SPL (sound pressure level) and the threshold of pain 130dB SPL.
- Space: Mono vs stereo, mono are recorded using single audio channel, while stereo are recorded using two audio channels.
_________________
INSTRUCTIONS
EXERCISES
Exercise 1:
Week 2 - Shooting exercise: Framing
Fig. 1.4 ex1 Youtube
Fig. 1.5 ex1 MP4
 |
| Fig. 1.6 ex1 editing |
Exercise 2:
Week 3 - Shooting exercise 2
Fig. 1.7 ex1 Youtube
Fig. 1.8 ex2 MP4
Exercise 3:
Week 6 - Color correction exercise
Fig. 1.9 color correction Youtube
Fig. 1.10 ex3 editing
Exercise 4
Week 9 - VFX tutorial exercise
Fig. 1.11 Youtube vfx
Fig. 1.12 vfx MP4
QUIZZES
Quiz 1: Shot size, camera angle, and composition
 |
| Fig. 1.13 Quiz 1 |
Quiz 2: Three-act story structure
 |
| Fig. 1.14 Quiz 2 |
Quiz 3: Storyboard in film making
 |
| Fig. 1.15 Quiz 3 |
Quiz 4: Production stages
 |
| Fig. 1.16 Quiz 4 |
Quiz 5: Mise en scene
 |
| Fig. 1.17 Quiz 5 |
Quiz 6: Color grading & color correction
 |
| Fig. 1.18 Quiz 6 |
_________________
REFLECTION
Throughout the semester, learning this module was an example as to why it is important to understand video creativity for a designer. This module had taught me how to take better composition and angle shots, either as a video composer or as a daily basis. This module also has taught me better in video editing and color correction, now I can fully understand how to make footages and videos in better contrast and saturation with the hues. Throughout the semester, it felt as if this module had increased my confidence in teamwork and embracing my sense of self through the self shooting exercises. This has made me become more confident in myself and less shy of a person. And I am truly grateful for that. The lectures and readings had given me very insightful understanding of the topics in video and sound production, and it has made me take in consideration through my own personal use of video composition and editing for the past few weeks, and now I see the importance of why people should understand composition and colors better to take and edit videos.
Comments
Post a Comment